
Understanding and Supporting Gender and Sexual Identity in Schools
What is Gender Identity?
Gender identity is an individual’s deeply-felt sense of their gender, which may not necessarily align with the sex they were assigned at birth. This encompasses identities such as male, female, transgender, intersex, and non-binary. For young people, understanding gender identity can be complex, but it is crucial for their self-awareness and development. Learning about these concepts helps youth to establish their own gender identity and fosters a more inclusive and understanding community.
What is Sexual Orientation?
Sexual orientation refers to the pattern of romantic or sexual attraction one feels towards others. It includes identities such as heterosexual (attraction to a different gender), homosexual (attraction to the same gender), bisexual (attraction to both men and women), pansexual (attraction to all genders), and asexual (lack of sexual attraction). Recognizing and respecting these orientations is vital for creating a supportive environment in schools.
Understanding Sexuality
Sexuality is a broad concept that encompasses many aspects of human identity, including our values, beliefs, experiences, and relationships. It describes how people express themselves as sexual beings and involves much more than just sexual orientation or behavior. Acknowledging the complexity of sexuality helps in fostering a more comprehensive understanding of each student’s identity.
The Importance of a Gender-Inclusive School Environment
In today’s diverse society, it is essential to create a school environment that respects and celebrates differences in gender identities and sexual orientations. A gender-inclusive environment prevents discrimination, bullying, and distress, promoting positive health outcomes for all students. It is particularly important for transgender and gender-creative children, as a supportive environment allows them to lead happy, healthy, and confident lives.
Definitions of Transgender and Gender Creative
Transgender (or “trans”) is an umbrella term for individuals whose gender identity or expression differs from the sex they were assigned at birth. This includes a wide range of identities and expressions.
Gender creative refers to individuals, often children, who express their gender in ways that differ from societal and cultural expectations. This can include non-traditional clothing, behaviors, or interests.

How Teachers Can Create Inclusive Environments
Teachers play a crucial role in fostering a gender-inclusive and respectful school environment. Here are some strategies to build this culture:
- Use Inclusive Language: Replace gender-specific greetings like “good morning boys and girls” with more inclusive ones like “good morning everyone.” Use terms like “students” or “families” instead of “mom and dad” to include all family structures.
- Expand Vocabulary: Educate yourself and your students on respectful language regarding sexual orientation and gender identity. Asking questions and seeking clarity helps in using the correct terms.
- Be Visually Welcoming: Display symbols of support, such as LGBTQ+ rainbow stickers or safe space flags, to show that your classroom is an ally to all students.
- Increase Awareness and Access: Celebrate LGBTQ+ awareness days and encourage the formation of Gay-Straight Alliance clubs. These actions provide students with opportunities to learn about and discuss sexual orientation and gender identity.
- Use Inclusive Social Categories: When organizing activities, use categories that include all students, such as grouping by birthday month instead of by gender.
- Create an Inclusion Policy: Develop and implement policies that welcome and celebrate differences in gender identities and sexual orientations. Integrate strategies to understand and respect diversity into the school curriculum.
- Respond to Hurtful Language: Address derogatory remarks such as “that’s so gay” immediately. Explain the impact of such language and encourage the use of alternative expressions.
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Éric